A4722-9215KM VEXTA伺服电机模块

A4722-9215KM VEXTA伺服电机模块

直流电动机。(DC Motor)的好处为在控速方面比较简单，只须控制电压大小即可控制转速，但此类电动机不宜在高温、易燃等环境下操作，而且于电动机中需要以碳刷作为电流变换器(Commutator)的部件（有刷马达)，所以需要定期清理炭刷磨擦所产生的污物。无碳刷之马达称为无刷马达，相对于有刷，无刷马达因为少了碳刷与轴的摩擦因此较省电也比较安静。制作难度较高、价格也较高。

交流电动机(ACMotor)则可以在高温、易燃等环境下操作，而且不用定期清理碳刷的污物，但在控速上比较困难，因为控制交流电动机转速须要控制交流电的频率(或使用感应马达,用增加内部阻力的方式，在相同交流电的频率下降低电动机转速)，控制其电压只会影响电动机的扭力。一般民用马达之电压有110V和220V等两种，在工业应用还有380V或440V等型态。

马达的旋转原理的依据为约翰.安布罗斯.弗莱明的左手定则，当一导线置放于磁场内，若导线通上电流，则导线会切割磁场线使导线产生移动。电流进入线圈产生磁场，利用电流的磁效应，使电磁铁在固定的磁铁内连续转动的装置，可以将电能转换成力学能。

与永久磁铁或由另一组线圈所产生的磁场互相作用产生动力直流马达的原理是定子不动，转子依相互作用所产生作用力的方向运动。交流马达则是定子绕组线圈通上交流电，产生旋转磁场，旋转磁场吸引转子一起作旋转运动直流马达的基本构造包括“电枢”、“场磁铁”、“集电环”、“电刷”。

电枢:可以绕轴心转动的软铁芯缠绕多圈线圈。场磁铁:产生磁场的强力永久磁铁或电磁铁。集电环:线圈约两端接至两片半圆形的集电环，随线圈转动，可供改变电流方向的变向器。每转动半圈（180度)，线圈上的电流方向就改变一次。电刷.通常使用碳制成，集电环接触固定位置的电刷，用以接至电源。

A4722-9215KM VEXTA伺服电机模块

Direct current motor. The advantage of DC Motor is that it is relatively simple in speed control, only the voltage size can be controlled to control the speed, but such motors should not be operated in high temperature, flammable and other environments, and the carbon brush needs to be used as part of the Commutator (brush motor) in the motor, so it is necessary to regularly clean up the dirt caused by brush friction. The brushless motor is called the brushless motor. Compared with the brush, the brushless motor saves electricity and is quiet because of the less friction between the carbon brush and the shaft. Production difficulty is higher, the price is also higher.

Ac motor (ACMotor) can operate in high temperature, flammable and other environments, and do not regularly clean the dirt of the carbon brush, but it is more difficult to control the speed, because the control of the AC motor speed needs to control the frequency of AC (or use the induction motor, by increasing the internal resistance, reduce the motor speed at the same frequency of AC). Controlling its voltage will only affect the torque of the motor. The voltage of the general civil motor has two kinds, such as 110V and 220V, and 380V or 440V in industrial applications.

The rotation principle of the motor is based on John. Ambrose Fleming's left-handed rule states that when a wire is placed in a magnetic field, if an electric current is applied to the wire, the wire will cut the magnetic field line and cause the wire to move. The electric current enters the coil to generate a magnetic field, and the magnetic effect of the current is used to make the electromagnet continuously rotate in the fixed magnet, which can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

The principle of a DC motor is that the stator does not move and the rotor moves in the direction of the force generated by the interaction. The AC motor is the stator winding coil through the alternating current, generating a rotating magnetic field, rotating magnetic field attracts the rotor together for rotating motion the basic structure of the DC motor includes "armature", "field magnet", "collector ring", "brush".

Armature: Multiple coils can be wound around a soft iron core that rotates around an axis. Field magnet: A strong permanent magnet or electromagnet that generates a magnetic field. Collector ring: The coil is connected to two semicircular collector rings at about both ends, and rotates with the coil to change the direction of the current. Every half turn (180 degrees), the direction of the current on the coil changes once. Brush. Usually made of carbon, the collector ring contacts the brush in a fixed position to connect to the power supply.