5SHX264510002 直流调速中压板

直流电动机的优点：

1 调速范围广，易于平滑调节

2 过载、启动、制动转矩大

3 易于控制，可靠性高

4 调速时的能量损耗较小

缺点：换向困难，维修比较麻烦，制造成本高（与相同功率的交流异步电机比较。

应用：机床方面的应用：龙门刨床、导轨磨床、龙门铣床等设备的工作驱动电机，导轨磨床、镗床、铣床等设备的主轴电机；

轧钢机、电车、电气铁道牵引、造纸、纺织拖动；

直流发电机：用作电解、电镀、电冶炼、充电、交流发电机励磁等的直流电源。

二、直流电机的工作原理

原理：任何电机的工作原理都是建立在电磁感应和电磁力这个基础上。

1、直流电机的工作原理

工作原理：导体在磁场中运动时，导体中会感应出电势e； e=B×l×v；

B：磁密

L：导体长度；

V：导体与磁场的相对速度。

正方向：用右手定则判断。电势e正方向表示电位升高的方向，与U相反。如果同一元件上e和U正方向相同时，e= -U。

5SHX264510002 直流调速中压板

Advantages of DC motor:

1 Wide speed range, easy to smooth adjustment

2 Overload, starting, braking torque is large

3 Easy to control, high reliability

4 Small energy loss during speed regulation

Disadvantages: commutation is difficult, maintenance is more troublesome, and manufacturing costs are high (compared with AC asynchronous motors with the same power).

Application: Machine tool application: work drive motor of gantry planer, guideway grinder, gantry milling machine and other equipment, spindle motor of guideway grinder, boring machine, milling machine and other equipment;

Rolling mill, tram, electric railway traction, paper making, textile driving;

Dc generator: used for electrolysis, electroplating, electric smelting, charging, alternator excitation and other DC power supply.

Second, the working principle of DC motor

Principle: The working principle of any motor is based on electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic force.

1, the working principle of DC motor

Working principle: When the conductor moves in the magnetic field, the electric potential e will be induced in the conductor; e=B×l×v;

B: Magnetic density

L: conductor length;

V: The relative velocity of the conductor and the magnetic field.

Positive direction: Use the right hand rule. The positive direction of potential e indicates the direction of potential increase, as opposed to U. If e and U are in the same positive direction on the same element, e= -U.