PPD113 分散控制系统 可编程逻辑控制器

中央处理器（CPU，Central Processing Unit）是一块超大规模的集成电路，是一台计算机的运算核心（Core）和控制核心（ Control Unit）。它的功能主要是解释计算机指令以及处理计算机软件中的数据。

中央处理器主要包括运算器（算术逻辑运算单元，ALU，Arithmetic Logic Unit）和高速缓冲存储器（Cache）及实现它们之间联系的数据（Data）、控制及状态的总线（Bus）。它与内部存储器（Memory）和输入/输出（I/O）设备合称为电子计算机三大核心部件。

CPU从逻辑上可以划分成3个模块，分别是控制单元、运算单元和存储单元，这三部分由CPU内部总线连接起来。

模块划分

要实现一个数字系统需要三个主要的组成部分 [1] ：

（1）计算对位进行操作的函数的组合逻辑（ALU）；

（2）存储位的存储器元素（寄存器）；

（3）控制存储器元素更新的时钟信号。

PPD113 分散控制系统 可编程逻辑控制器

Central Processing Unit (CPU) is a large scale integrated circuit, is a computer computing Core (Core) and Control Unit (Control Unit). Its main function is to interpret computer instructions and process data in computer software.

The central processing Unit (CPU) mainly consists of Arithmetic (arithmetic Logic unit, ALU, Arithmetic Logic Unit) and Cache (Cache) and the Data, control, and state Bus (Bus) connecting them. It, together with internal Memory (Memory) and input/output (I/O) devices, is called the three core components of electronic computers.

The CPU can be logically divided into three modules, namely the control unit, the computing unit and the storage unit, which are connected by the internal bus of the CPU.

Module partition

To implement a number system requires three main components [1] :

(1) Compute the combinatorial logic (ALU) of functions that operate on bits;

(2) Memory elements (registers) that store bits;

(3) Clock signal that controls the update of memory elements.