AMAT/AppliedMaterials 0100-00003 集成电路 控制器

AMAT/AppliedMaterials 0100-00003 集成电路 控制器

AMAT/AppliedMaterials 0100-00003 集成电路 控制器

控制器的作用

控制器的作用是控制和协调整个计算机的动作，控制通常需要程序计数器〔PC〕、指令存放器〔IR〕、指令译码器〔ID〕、定时与控制电路，以及脉冲源、中断等共同完成。控制器由:指令存放器Instruction Register、指令译码器Instruction Decoder、定时与控制电路Programmable Logic Array、程序计数器Program Counter、标志存放器Flags Register、堆栈和堆栈指针Stack Pointer、存放器组等构成。

附加：控制器的主要功能

运算器只能完成运算，而控制器用于控制着整个CPU的工作。

1、指令控制器

指令控制器是控制器中相当重要的局部，它要完成取指令、分析指令等操作，然后交给执行单元〔ALU或FPU〕来执行，同时还要形成下一条指令的地址。

2、时序控制器

时序控制器的作用是为每条指令按时间顺序提供控制信号。时序控制器包括时钟发生器和倍频定义单元，其中时钟发生器由石英晶体振荡器发出非常稳定的脉冲信号，就是CPU的主频；而倍频定义单元那么定义了CPU主频是存储器频率〔总线频率〕的几倍。

AMAT/AppliedMaterials 0100-00003 集成电路 控制器

Role of controller

The function of the controller is to control and coordinate the action of the whole computer, and the control usually needs the program counter (PC), the instruction store (IR), the instruction decoder (ID), the timing and control circuit, as well as the pulse source, the interrupt and so on. The controller consists of Instruction Register, Instruction Decoder, timing and control circuit Programmable Logic Array, Program Counter, and flag register Register, Stack, Stack Pointer, and stack group.

Additional: The main function of the controller

The computer can only complete the operation, and the controller is used to control the work of the entire CPU.

1, command controller

The instruction controller is a very important part of the controller, which needs to complete operations such as fetching instructions, analyzing instructions, and then handing them to the execution unit (ALU or FPU) for execution, and at the same time forming the address of the next instruction.

2. Timing controller

The function of a timing controller is to provide a control signal for each instruction in chronological order. The timing controller includes a clock generator and a frequency doubling definition unit, wherein the clock generator sends a very stable pulse signal from the quartz crystal oscillator, which is the main frequency of the CPU; The frequency doubling definition unit then defines that the CPU frequency is several times the memory frequency (bus frequency).